Endometriosis

What is endometriosis?

Endometriosis is a chronic disease in women which causes pain throughout the pelvis and abdomen. The discomfort is caused by the presence of endometrial tissue, or tissue which lines the uterus, in other areas of the body. It is generally found on the outer surface of the uterus, in the ligaments which support the uterus, the fallopian tubes, ovaries, and lining the pelvic and/or abdominal cavity. Occasionally, it is also found in the vagina, vulva, cervix, growing on the bladder and bowel, and in some instances within abdominal surgical scars. These growths become lesions which respond to the woman’s menstrual cycle. This means that as the tissues build up, break down, and are shed each month inside the uterus, the endometrial tissue outside the uterus will attempt to do the same. This tissue has no way of exiting the body. This can result in swelling, internal bleeding, and frequently pain. When the condition is especially severe it can also cause infertility, bowel issues, adhesions, and scar tissue development.

What are the symptoms?

Symptoms include:

• Pain before and during menstruation
• Pain with sex
• Painful urination and bowel movements during menstruation
• Fatigue
• Gastrointestinal issues such as nausea
• Infertility

Women with endometriosis can also have:

• Allergies
• Chemical sensitivities
• Common yeast infections

What treatments are employed?

There are several treatment options available which can help to lessen or eliminate symptoms. Some treatments include:

• Pain relievers- Over-the-counter painkillers can be used for mild symptoms. Prescription pain medications are used to address moderate to severe pain.
• Hormone Therapy- Medications designed to halt ovulation can be used including birth control pills, progesterone medications, a testosterone derivative, and gonadotropin releasing medications.
• Surgery- Surgical procedures can be employed to eliminate growths, alleviate pain, and can assist a woman dealing with infertility. For additional information, contact the office to schedule a consultation with the gynecologist.